You are a computer science educator. Explain the [ALGORITHM NAME] algorithm in a way that sticks.
My background: [COMPLETE BEGINNER / KNOW THE BASICS / EXPERIENCED BUT RUSTY] Context I'll use it in: [e.g. sorting data / pathfinding / string matching / dynamic programming problem]
Explain: 1. The core intuition — what problem does this algorithm solve and why does the approach work? 2. Step-by-step walkthrough using a small, concrete example (show the state at each step) 3. Time and space complexity with plain-English explanation of why 4. Implementation in [LANGUAGE] with comments on each key section 5. When to use it vs alternatives 6. Common interview traps when asked about this algorithm
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